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The Case For Reparations
by Amiri Baraka
It is now time, in this clear motion of the working class and other democratic forces to counterattack against the rising forces of U.S and world neo fascism, to raise anew the question of REPARATIONS FOR THE AFRO AMERICAN PEOPLE AND FOR THE IMPACTED HISTORICAL RESIDENTS OF THE BLACK BELT SOUTH (of all nationalities)! 

First, the Black Belt south is historically the site of the Afro- American Nation. A historically stable community based on common language, land, economic development and common culture. The Black Belt, which could be called Afro America, is not based on RACE, but on the historical rise of capitalism and the class forces that have shaped it and are within it. 

Afro America is a multinational oppressed nation in the Deep South with the right of Self-Determination, up to and including separation. This is because there has never been any equality within the United States for the great majority of the residents of the Black Belt nor for the Afro- American people located in mainly twenty-seven urban centers throughout the U.S. The Emancipation Proclamation freed Black people of any jurisdiction of the secessionist Southern States. The Civil War was supposed to make the Afro- American people U.S citizens with equal rights. But the assassination of Lincoln, the betrayal by the U.S Government headed by Andrew Johnson (Vetoing the Freedman's Bureau and allowing the Southern Secessionists to return to the union immediately, and removing the military rule from the South) allowed the quickly resurgent forces of the old southern confederacy, now mainly the ex overseers and corrupt middle classes as a comprador fascist dictatorship aligned with the new imperialists on Wall St. to re-enslave the Afro- American people and proceed with the incredible robbery of 90% of southern lands by the 1870s! 

The vetoing of the Freedman's Bureau, which was the agency, which was supposed to redistribute the Slave Plantations at Forty Acres and A Mule to each ex slave family, allowed the land to be eventually seized by the speculators and the carpetbaggers and wind up almost wholly owned by huge agribusiness corporations. 

The use of Terror, the storm trooper prototype Ku Klux Klan and other night riders, open murder and intimidation at the polls destroyed both Black and white democratic leadership and was often covered by a new class of Negro collaborators, like the "Judenrats" that collaborated with Hitler during the Jewish Holocaust. 

The move for Reparations states simply, the U.S must honor the spirit and letter of the Emancipation Proclamation. If, as Clinton has recently stated that most social programs will be returned to the States and removed from Federal Jurisdiction, then the Afro- American people, according to the Emancipation Proclamation are not only automatically given the catalyst for a Declaration of Self Determination, but the entire Black Belt, now illegally and in violation of the EP, and seized through a combination of violence, intimidation and fraud must declare not only their Human and Legal Right To Self Determination, but declare for regional autonomy for the whole of the lower south. That is wherever there is a Black majority, the legal boundaries of the Black Belt Nation can be legally drawn. 

The fact that these illegal racist southern governments still fly the battle flag of the confederacy and HAVE NEVER SWORN ALLEGIANCE TO THE UNITED STATES is blatant proof that there has never been the slightest intention to allow equal rights for the ex slave, nor democracy for the majority of the residents, Black, White or Native! The South, for all its majority of multinational residents, is still an oppressed region of the U.S. economically, socially, educationally. The rulers use the bias and ignorant hatred foisted by Black chattel slavery to keep the masses of people separated hence powerless. 

The main tenet of reparations must be the extension of free education to all the impacted residents of the Black Belt and to the Afro- American people throughout the U.S. and the provision of the social organization to support it. The so- called national debt is in reality owed to Black people and the poor people of the south and other regions of the U.S. Like the Chicanos in the Southwest and the Native or Akwesasne people throughout the U.S. who have never had equal rights and have always been victimized by "WHITE AMERICA" (the racist media fiction) with Colonial, Slave or Genocidal relations. 

In addition to the educational tenet, the reparations must secure, based on the average workers or farmers wage for the entire period of chattel slavery that sum, multiplied by the number of slaves and deposit this in a central bank under the public democratic elected control of the Afro- American people. 

The Reparations must also secure the total amount of damages from theft, fraud, lynching, murder, misrepresentation, slander, forced unemployment, destruction of homes and institutions (the church burning is still going on). And that sum must also be deposited in this central bank. All these funds to be used as determined by an Afro- American Peoples Democratic Elected Political Council for Self-Determination and Democracy.

  • The promise of Forty Acres and A Mule, which was supposed to transform the ex-slaves into a small entrepreneurial farmer class, such as settlement in land as was given to the Serfs in Russia and the landless peasants after bourgeois revolutions in Europe, must be brought up to date. Since this land is owned by huge corporations, the forty acres and a mule must be extended as stock and bond offerings to the people so that these huge corporations become public corporations with large percentages of the stock owned by the people whose land the corporations stole.
These greedy racist fools that rule the U.S are opposed to Affirmative Action (which served mainly the petty bourgeoisie, and white middle-class women more than anyone else is); well they should try Full Employment. But for the great majority of Revolutionary, Democratic Americans, and the cry must be SELF-DETERMINATION AND REPARATIONS FOR THE AFRO- AMERICAN PEOPLE. This is the only method of struggle for Revolutionary Peoples Democracy! And the continued advance to Socialism. 
 
Amiri Baraka U&S

 

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